PDA

View Full Version : bamboo and the environment....


kittenaugogo
24th November 2005, 07:43 PM
recently, as mentioned on other posts,(See - Bent bamboo furniture (http://www.bamboocraft.net/forums/showthread.php?t=1646)), i took part in a design/build sculpture project that had to take into consideration envirnmantal impacts and sustainability. my group built our peice out of bamboo, jute cord, and manilla fibre rope. heres what we found about bamboo.
other than it being great, easy, and verstile to work with!

1:1 Music Room design build project
…..Team Cron.Inc……..

For our project we explored the possibilities of using large timber sections, laminated plywood, bamboo, or bent steel or aluminium section for the frame. In comparisons of weight, look, sustainability, availability and ease of construction, we narrowed this down to bamboo, as it is socially sustainable, as well as environmentally sustainable. While considered a weed in many parts of Australia, it is a vital industry in China, and South-East Asia, where it has been used as a building material for centuries.

To match this material we went for a pallete of other materials for joins and cladding. We could have used bolts, screws, wire ties and such-like and carpet, cloths and stuffing. However, the bamboo, led us to choose materials that were marine grade, natural, were old industries, and provided sustainable, and somewhat environmentally friendly, employment in developing nations. We also tried to highlight the environmental possibilities of these materials and to explore the acoustic properties of them.

Bamboo
Bamboo is lightweight, strong, reasonably durable, able to withstand tempreture differences. It is also able to be bent in a large variety of fashions to create interesting designs.

Bamboo comes in up to 1500 species, so a bamboo variety for your use can be found easily. Bamboo is the most diverse group of plants in the grass family.
“It is distinguished by a woody culm, complex branching, a generally robust rhizome system and infrequent flowering. It has a tropical and subtropical (cosmopolitan) distribution, ranging from 46 N to 47S latitude, reaching elevations as high as 4,000 m in the Himalayas and parts of China. Bamboo is very adaptable, with some species being deciduous and others evergreen. Bamboos are giant, woody grasses which put out several full length, full diameter, naturally pre-finished, ready-to-use culms ("stems") each year. A single bamboo clump can produce up to 15 kilometres of usable pole (up to 30 cm in diameter) in its lifetime. A sixty foot tree cut for market takes 60 years to replace. A sixty foot bamboo cut for market takes 59 days to replace.” (Source: INBAR, 15.10.05)

Bamboo provides the materials for building projects, furniture, household items, landscaping, boats, and paper. Bamboo is also used to make musical instruments. Apart from these uses, bamboo has many applications as a substitute for timber.

Bamboo's has the potential for checking soil erosion. It is equally important for providing fast vegetative cover to deforested areas. Millions of people depend on this plant for their livelihood.

Mark Meckes
25th November 2005, 05:46 PM
Hi, thanks for writing! It's great to hear that you are using bamboo in your project.

Re: " ... A sixty foot bamboo cut for market takes 59 days to replace.” (Source: INBAR, 15.10.05)"

While it is true that a new shoot will grow to it's maximum height, diameter and wall thickness within 2-3 months after emerging, I should note that it is only producing new shoots for a short period of the year.
Also it takes about 3-6 years for the culms to mature, of which harvest cycle also varies with intended use of the materials.
One could roughly estimate an easily sustainable annual harvest of 20-25% of the culms though there's a difference in output if one is managing a grove for quantity versus quality.

Regardless, bamboo can, depending on species and growing conditions and management practices, be very high yielding and it most certainly will play a increased role in providing industrial fiber and composite materials in addition to all the other craft uses for the raw materials.

Ironically, because Europe had no native bamboo species, and the US, only 1, and a sub species, 'western' cultures have been slow to recognize it's value, especially as a unique medium in the arts, crafts and construction.

It has been only in the last couple decades or so that already introduced species have been getting greater (mostly horticultural) attention, and the advent of the internet has come at a perfect time for those of us who wish to share our ideas and experiences working with this material.

Though we have no inherent ancestral background to guide us, we have the benefit of a clear pallette from which to forumulate ideas, learn by trial and error, and maybe find some innovative techniques and uses for bamboo.

Meanwhile bamboo IS used extensively in many parts of the world of which we have so much to learn about.

This is a very interesting time in the history of bamboo!

~ Mark

kittenaugogo
26th November 2005, 11:57 PM
still, 20-25% harvest is better than timber, plantation or clearfelling, even if its lowered slightly for quality. you'd still get more bamboo (/kg) in an acres, than an acre of trees, over 100 year span.

Mark Meckes
27th November 2005, 06:08 AM
Some very basic research was conducted in the US, I think in the 1950's/60's(?) on yield, relative to the fast growing Lobloby Pine, which is grown extensively in the Southern US as an industrial wood fiber plantation crop. The research indicated that some species of temperate bamboos (select Phyllostachys species) ... have the potential for producing up to 6 (?) times the fiber produced by the Lobloly Pine in a 30 harvest year cycle.

I will try an find this report - too busy right now - but I do remember it was a hypothetical conclusion only, and that no real life 30 year trials have ever been conducted in the US to verify this.

Nonetheless as you mentioned, there are many additional benefits that bamboo can provide ... erosion control ... land reclamation ... soil improvement ... nutrient uptake ... water purification/reducing pollution of water supplies ... carbon dioxide uptake and oxygen replenishment etc etc ....

I will guess that, at least in the US, a reason that bamboo has not become an industrial crop is because of mindset rather than any technical obstacles.
Our culture is embedded in the practice of clearing land and planting seed crops.
We are still vague in our understanding of the much more complex group of perennial plants, such as bamboo.

A more positive view could be that what we have not learned or exploited is reserved hopefully for the benefit of future generations.

Of general concern ...
The increased dependence on and exploitation of plants in general, in a world with a rapidly rising population, increasing needs and wants and rising expectations, in which there exists an inequitable distribution of resources, while excessive consumption and outright wastefulness are standard practices for driving the world economy.

Of bamboo concern ...
Putting all our eggs in one basket - monocultures

Modern civilization has become very dependent on one small group of plants to provide us with many of our needs ... The Grasses.
From corn to wheat, rice, sugar cane, barley, oats, millet, sorghum, rye and lawn grasses etc, we have cleared and replaced vast tracts of the earth with grasses.

Adding bamboo as another major industrial grass crop may inevitably displace other plant species or convert food producing land to the production of bamboo fiber and fuel crops.
Another issue with monocultures is problems and dangers associated with diseases and pests ...

When I think of bamboo in my own personal experiences, I see it as a unique plant that is very `user-friendly' towards individual artisans, crafters, homesteaders etc etc.
But it's great zest for life and ability to yield abundantly will inevitably draw in other elements of human society in which bamboo will be expected or demanded to perform. :(

However, at least in this part of the world, bamboo has not (yet) become commercially industrialized, nor institutionalized by academia.
It is truly the peoples plant. :)

~ Mark